What are the hallmark symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

The hallmark symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms are critical for diagnosis and can significantly impact an individual's functioning in various areas such as academics, work, and social interactions.

Inattention may manifest as difficulty maintaining focus, forgetfulness, and disorganization, which can hinder the ability to complete tasks or follow through on jobs. Hyperactivity involves excessive fidgeting, restlessness, or an inability to stay seated, which can disrupt classroom and workplace environments. Impulsivity can lead to actions taken without forethought, such as interrupting others or making hasty decisions, which can strain social relationships.

These core symptoms are distinct from those of other mental health issues, such as social anxiety or mood disorders, which focus on different behavioral and emotional challenges. Recognizing the unique combination of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity is essential in identifying and managing ADHD effectively.