What is the primary feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

The primary feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is re-experiencing a traumatic event through flashbacks or nightmares. This symptom manifests as involuntary memories or distressing dreams that make individuals relive the trauma they experienced. The intense emotional and physical reactions during these episodes can significantly impact daily functioning, leading to heightened anxiety and distress.

While avoidance of situations that trigger anxiety is also a common symptom of PTSD, it is not considered the primary feature. Increased sociability and openness would actually be contrary to the symptoms of PTSD, as individuals often feel detached or emotionally numb. Difficulty in maintaining relationships can occur due to the effects of PTSD, but again, it is not the defining characteristic of the disorder. The hallmark of PTSD is the distressing re-experiencing of the trauma, making it central to the diagnosis and understanding of the condition.